Particle Counters
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OPERATION THEORY
Utilizing the principle of "near angle light scatter", a revolving laser beam passes through the walls of a glass container of a flow-thru cell. When it is directed through a central "sensitive zone" the PC-2200 not only counts the particles in suspension, but tabulates their size as well. The analog signals generated by the light pulses are routed to a computer and digitized.
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| Optical Schematic of the Laser Particle Counter |
Detailed Laser optics |
CALIBRATION
Spectrex provides three sealed calibration standards with each unit. Each standard contains a precise number of NIST traceable polystyrene microspheres of known size and are suspended in clean diluent. Calibration is efficient and can be completed within 10 minutes.
APPLICATIONS
- Water Treatment Plants
- University Laboratories
- Pharmaceutical Manufacturers
- Oil Refineries and On-site drilling
- Bottling & Beverage Operations
- Oceanographic Studies
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- Hydraulic Fluids and Oil QC
- Liquid Chromatography Solvent QC
- Cooling Tower and Waste Water Filter Efficiency
- Particle Agglomeration Studies
- Silts and Sediment Sizing
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- Particle Settling Characteristics
- Corrosive Chemical and Solvent Sizing
- Vial and Ampule Inspection
- De-ionized Water and Acid Testing
- Cell Counting
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SuperCount SOFTWARE
Developed by Spectrex, the custom interfacing electronics and proprietary software provide an easy means of analyzing and saving data generated by the PC-2200. SuperCount provides instant sizing information and histogram of size distribution in addition to indicating:
- Absolute Counts
- Mean Size
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- Mass Distribution
- Percentage Distribution
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- Standard Deviation
- Total Suspended Solids
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The dilution factor can be automatically computed to give absolute count for liquids as dense as sludge! SuperCount also is loaded with a special bonus program for hydraulic fluids and Phi classifications.
OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES
Opacity Meter - provides an instantaneous measurement of the sample's opacity to correlate with computer calculations |
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Small Vial Attachment - for use with 5ml vials or ampules |
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Flow-Thru Cell - Spectrex stocks various sizes of flow-thru cells and can manufacture cells to customer specifications. Cells are also available for testing at high pressure and temperatures. |
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Water Filtration System -
Features
• Removes particles down to 0.25um (microns)
• Equipped with long reach faucet for easy fill
• Kwik-Change™ cartridges are the fastest changeable
cartridges on the market (30-second filter changeout
process)
• 1/4-turn pivot filter head makes for ease of accessibility and
filter change, reduces the amount of tube connections for
greater reliability and reduces leak potential
• Cartridges connect to and disconnect from the unit by a
simple 1/4-turn
• Space saving design intsalls under sink or in limited space
• Double Seal O-Ring cartridges ensure system integrity
• No storage tank needed
• Requires only normal line pressure to operate
• Dispenses a continuous supply of water
• Requires minimal maintenance and will provide years of
clean, safe, great-tasting water
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SPECIFICATIONS
- Size: 4.75 " x 14 " x 4.5 " (height with Light Tight Cover is 5 ")
- Typical bottle size: 15-60 mm inside diameter
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- Bottle Material: transparent, scratch-free glass
- Weight: 6 lb.
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- Power: 115v 60Hz (230v optional)
- Detectable Particle Size: from 0.5µm - 100µm
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| APPLICATIONS AND TECHNICAL NOTES |
| PC-2200 (Liquid) |
- Manual
[PDF - 333kb]
- MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) REDGREEN(113k)
- MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) WHITE(121k)
- SuperCount Software (Requires Password)
- PC-2200 Brochure(PDF 749k)
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| Compatability with Other Particle Counters |
- Spectrex Particle Counter in Comparison with HIAC. [PDF - 4kb]
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| Oil Analysis |
Water Quality |
- Compressor Oil Analysis, avoiding cross contamination from previous samples. [PDF - 8kb]
- Monitoring Oil Filter Operation [PDF - 229kb]
Dennis G. Moreland, President, Moreland Oil Compnay
- A major us oil lab critiques the Spectrex particle counter [PDF - 12kb]
Kurt Parker, Chief Chemist and Particle Count Manager, Oil Analysis Lab - March 24, 2006
- Influence of particles on partial discharges and breakdown in oil [PDF - 145kb]
K.N. Mathes and J.M. Atkins, General Electric Corp. R & D, Schenectady, NY. From Conference Record of 1978 I.E.E.E. International Symposium on Electrical Insulation.
- Evaluation of oil samples from centrifugal separators [PDF - 58kb]
Amitabh Jam, S. Biswas, Sadhna Shrivastava and L.R. Jagga. Reprinted from Tribology International May 1993.
- Particle-size analysis of engine oils [PDF - 66kb]
A supplement to spectrometric analysis. |
- THE USE OF THE SPECTREX PARTICLE COUNTER FOR MONITORING SEAWATER INJECTION FOR OFFSHORE OIL DRILLING IN AFRICA [PDF - 28kb]
Spectrex Application Note 9-09.
- The use of the Spectrex particle counter in water filtration testing [PDF - 31kb]
William Huml, R&D laboratory at Fibredyne Inc., November 18, 2002.
- The use of particle counting for the evaluation of filter performance. [PDF - 20kb]
Nancy E. McTigue and David A. Cornwell, Environmental Engineering & Technology, Inc., Newport News, VA.
- Comparison of techniques in determining water quality for oil wells [PDF - 85kb]
T. Bates
- Using a batch, Spectrex, particle counter and particle standards to monitor and control in-line, met one, particle counters for calibration purposes (abstract) [PDF - 20kb]
David Eugene Kimbrough, Water Quality & Laboratory Supervisor Lo Labisi, Water Quality Scientist II
- Evaluation of the Spectrex laser particle counter model PC-2000 (abstract) [PDF - 60kb]
By Water Quality Monitoring Dept. Glenmore, Waterworks Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Screen filtration technology as applied to pretreatment of reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration systems [PDF - 108kb]
By Thomas E. Hamilton, Power Products & Services Co., Battle Ground, WA |
| Pharmaceutical and Medical |
Sedimentology |
- PHARMACEUTICAL GLASS DURABILITY TEST. The Spectrex particle counter used in study of glass delamination. Click here for full report. The particle counter is highlighted on page 3. [PDF - 746kb]
May 2011.
- Statement by USP that the Spectrex, light diffraction method of counting particles in pharmaceutical products is acceptable by USP [PDF - 22kb]
James W. Kelly, Ph.D,Scientist and Liaison, Parenteral Products-Industrial Expert Committee, U.S. Pharmacopeia. September 2005.
- Development of an electronic technique for determining rate of solution of solid products. M.W. [PDF - 95kb]
Henley and J. B. Porinoff, Merck, Sharp & Dohme, West Point, PA. Reprinted from Pharmaceutical Technology. September 1980.
- Sonicated echocardiographic contrast agents: Reproducibility Studies
(Extract) [PDF - 139kb]
Steven B. Feinstein, MD, ¹ Mark W. Keller, MD,² Richard E. Kerber, MD,³ Byron Vandenberg, MD,³ John Hoyte, MA (Cambridge),4 Chris Kutruff, RN, 5 James Bingel, MD, 6 Theodore D. Fraker, Jr., MD, 6 Richard Chappell, BS, ¹ and Alan H. Welsh, PhD, 7 Chicago, Ill., Charlottesville, Va., Iowa City, Iowa, Indianapolis, Ind., Toledo, Ohio, and Redwood City, Calif. |
- The spectrex particle counter used for sediment analysis [PDF - 3.1kb]
Joan F. Steurer and Michael B. Underwood, Ocean Drilling Program
- Using a laser particle counter to enhance sedimentology laboratory exercises. [PDF - 42kb]
Mary Jo Hall, Rider College, Lawrenceville, NJ. Reprinted from NAGT Journal of Geological Education. Volume 40 Number 2. March 1992.
- The effect of commercial and recreational traffic on the resuspension of sediment in navagation pool 9 of the upper Mississippi River. [PDF - 32kb]
Miles M. Smart, Ronald G. Rada and Thomas 0. Claflin, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, WI, Dept. of Biology. Dennis N. Nielsen, Winona State University, Winona, MN, Dept.of Geology.
- Comparison of Spectrex laser particle counter with Coulter counter and pipette sizing methods [PDF - 44kb]
Extract from: Poster presentation by Dr. Mary Jo Hall of Rider University at the N.E. GSA Meeting in Portland, Maine, March 1988
- Particle-size analysis of silts [PDF - 113kb]
An Optical Method of Size Analysis for Silt Sized Particles by Zack Alan Clayton, Department of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg Florida |
| Contamination Control |
Crystal Growth etc. |
- Contamination control procedure for hard disk drive parts [PDF - 31kb]
Worksheet of one of several uses for ultra clean components.
- Contamination control through in-situ particle counting [PDF - 59kb]
John Hoyte, Spectrex Corporation, Redwood City, CA. Proceedings-Institute of Environmental Sciences. 1997 |
- Breaking news report
Dependence of nucleation kinetics and crystal morphology of a model protein system on ionic strength [PDF - 202kb]
V.Bhamidi and C.A.Schall, Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, The University of Toledo, E.Skrzypczak-Jankun Instrumentation Center, The University of Toledo.
- Crystal seed growths and the possibilities of a controlled crystallization from solution [PDF - 24kb]
Roland Boese and Markus Nusse, Universitat-GH Essen |
| Users Of The Spectrex Laser Particle Counter |
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- Domestic Users
- International Users
- Geology, Oceanography and Sedimentology
- Oil Industries
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Institutions
- Semiconductor, Disc Drive and Clean Solvent Industries
- Army/Navy/Air Force Bases
- Water Treatment/Pollution
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